A Study on the User Experience (UX) Evaluation and Improvement Measures for an Automatic Fire Suppression System in Small and Medium-sized Shipyards

doi:10.15683/kosdi.2026.3.31.151

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2026 Vol.22, Issue 1 Preview Page Next Page

Original Article

A Study on the User Experience (UX) Evaluation and Improvement Measures for an Automatic Fire Suppression System in Small and Medium-sized Shipyards 조선소용 자동제어 소화기에 대한 사용자경험(UX) 평가 및 개선방안에 관한 연구: 오수민¹ㆍ김경민²ㆍ손은수³*
Su Min Oh¹, Kyung Min Kim², Eun Soo Son³*; ¹Researcher, Future initiative R&D Center, KF UBIS Co., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
²Researcher, Future initiative R&D Center, KF UBIS Co., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
³Center Leader, Future initiative R&D Center, KF UBIS Co., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea

31 March 2026. pp. 151-164

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Abstract

Purpose: Closed-space welding in small and medium-sized shipyards involves high fire risk, and mandatory fire monitoring imposes manpower and cost burdens. This study evaluates the user experience (UX) of a shipyard automatic control fire extinguisher and derives improvement factors to enhance on-site adoption and sustained use. Method: On-site usability evaluation was conducted at the actual work site for 7 days for 5 workers with 26 years of average experience, a 5-point scale questionnaire and an in-depth interview were conducted at the same time, and the average and 95% confidence interval were estimated with 5,000 bootstraps. Result: The usability related to operation and installation was high, but vulnerabilities that hindered the on-site acceptance in terms of the burden of inspection, maintenance, and detection and operation reliability were identified. Conclusion: For the on-site application and continuous use of automatic control fire extinguishers, it is necessary to maintain the strength of installation convenience, while simplifying maintenance procedures and improve sensor reliability as priority improvement tasks.

Keywords

Automatically Controlled Fire Extinguisher

User Experience (UX)

Usability Evaluation

Shipyard

Safety-Critical System

Field Evaluation

연구목적: 중소형 조선소의 밀폐 용접 작업은 화재 위험이 높고 화재감시자 배치 의무로 인력·비용 부담이 발생하므로, 현장 도입·정착을 좌우하는 사용자경험(UX) 관점에서 조선소용 자동제어 소화기의 UX를 평가하고 개선요인을 도출하였다. 연구방법: 평균 경력 26년의 작업자 5명을 대상으로 7일간 실제 작업 현장에서 현장 사용성 평가를 수행하고, 5점 척도 설문과 심층 인터뷰를 병행했으며 5,000회 부트스트랩으로 평균과 95% 신뢰구간을 추정하였다. 연구결과: 조작·작동·설치 관련 사용성은 높게 나타났으나, 점검·유지관리 부담과 감지·작동 신뢰성에서 현장 수용성을 저해하는 취약점이 확인되었다. 결론: 자동제어 소화기의 현장 적용성과 지속 사용을 위해서는 설치 편의성의 강점을 유지하되 유지관리 절차 단순화와 센서 신뢰도 제고를 우선 개선 과제로 반영할 필요가 있다.

키워드

자동제어 소화기

사용자경험(UX)

사용성 평가

조선소

안전 중심 시스템

현장 평가

References

Beyer, H., Holtzblatt, K. (1998). Contextual Design: Defining Customer-Centered Systems. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco, US. 10.1145/286498.286629
Endsley, M.R. (1995). “Toward a theory of situation awareness in dynamic systems.” Human Factors, Vol. 37, No. 1, pp. 32-64. 10.1518/001872095779049543
International Organization for Standardization (2018). ISO 9241-11: Ergonomics of Human-system Interaction — Part 11: Usability: Definitions and Concepts.
International Organization for Standardization (2019). ISO 9241-210: Ergonomics of Human-system Interaction — Part 210: Human-centred Design for Interactive Systems.
Lee, J.D., See, K.A. (2004). “Trust in automation: Designing for appropriate reliance.” Human Factors, Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 56-80.
Lewis, J.R. (2006). “Sample size for usability studies: Additional considerations.” Human Factors, Vol. 48, No. 2, pp. 190-201. https://doi.org/10.1518/001872006777724215 10.1518/001872006777724215
Nielsen, J. (1994). Usability Engineering. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco, US.
Nielsen, J. (2000). Why you only need to test with 5 users. Nielsen Norman Group. https://www.nngroup.com/articles/why-you-only-need-to-test-with-5-users/
Nielsen, J., Landauer, T.K. (1993). “A mathematical model of the finding of usability problems.” INTERCHI'93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, New York, pp. 206-213. https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169166 10.1145/169059.169166
Spool, J., Schroeder, W. (2001). “Testing web sites: Five users is nowhere near enough.” CHI 2001 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 285-286. https://doi.org/10.1145/634067.634236 10.1145/634067.634236
Virzi, R.A. (1992). “Refining the test phase of usability evaluation: How many subjects is enough?.” Human Factors, Vol. 34, No. 4, pp. 457-468. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872089203400407 10.1177/001872089203400407

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Disaster Information
Publisher(Ko) :한국재난정보학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
Journal Title(Ko) :한국재난정보학회논문집
Volume : 22
No :1
Pages :151-164
DOI :https://doi.org/10.15683/kosdi.2026.3.31.151

[1] Beyer, H., Holtzblatt, K. (1998). Contextual Design: Defining Customer-Centered Systems. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco, US. 10.1145/286498.286629

[2] Endsley, M.R. (1995). “Toward a theory of situation awareness in dynamic systems.” Human Factors, Vol. 37, No. 1, pp. 32-64. 10.1518/001872095779049543

[3] International Organization for Standardization (2018). ISO 9241-11: Ergonomics of Human-system Interaction — Part 11: Usability: Definitions and Concepts.

[4] International Organization for Standardization (2019). ISO 9241-210: Ergonomics of Human-system Interaction — Part 210: Human-centred Design for Interactive Systems.

[5] Lee, J.D., See, K.A. (2004). “Trust in automation: Designing for appropriate reliance.” Human Factors, Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 56-80.

[6] Lewis, J.R. (2006). “Sample size for usability studies: Additional considerations.” Human Factors, Vol. 48, No. 2, pp. 190-201. https://doi.org/10.1518/001872006777724215 10.1518/001872006777724215

[7] Nielsen, J. (1994). Usability Engineering. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco, US.

[8] Nielsen, J. (2000). Why you only need to test with 5 users. Nielsen Norman Group. https://www.nngroup.com/articles/why-you-only-need-to-test-with-5-users/

[9] Nielsen, J., Landauer, T.K. (1993). “A mathematical model of the finding of usability problems.” INTERCHI'93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, New York, pp. 206-213. https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169166 10.1145/169059.169166

[10] Spool, J., Schroeder, W. (2001). “Testing web sites: Five users is nowhere near enough.” CHI 2001 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 285-286. https://doi.org/10.1145/634067.634236 10.1145/634067.634236

[11] Virzi, R.A. (1992). “Refining the test phase of usability evaluation: How many subjects is enough?.” Human Factors, Vol. 34, No. 4, pp. 457-468. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872089203400407 10.1177/001872089203400407

Journal of the Society of Disaster Information ISSN:1976-2208(Print) 2671-5287(Online) 한국재난정보학회논문집

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