A Piezoelectric Automatic Charging System for Emergency Power Using Footfall Impact Energy from Bicycle Pedals

doi:10.15683/kosdi.2025.9.30.615

All Issue

2025 Vol.21, Issue 3 Preview Page Next Page

Original Article

A Piezoelectric Automatic Charging System for Emergency Power Using Footfall Impact Energy from Bicycle Pedals 에너지 하베스팅 기술을 이용한 자전거 페달형 자동 충전장치 연구: 김홍용*
Hong-yong Kim*; Professor, Department of Smart Electricity, Korea Polytechnic, Incheon, Republic of Korea

30 September 2025. pp. 615-623

PDF

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to develop a portable power generation device that can easily generate and store electric energy even in environments where power supply is weak, such as disasters. To this end, a piezoelectric ceramic-based module was developed that generates and stores electricity by utilizing the rolling impact energy generated during bicycle pedaling. Method: A piezoelectric ceramic structure that maximizes energy conversion efficiency, is resistant to impact, and has high output characteristics was designed. In addition, in order to efficiently manage the harvested micro power, a low-power driving circuit that can be applied to a narrow space and corrected for loss based on a rectified circuit with low power consumption and an integrated circuit (IC) was developed. The developed device has proven that it can be used even in an environment where power supply is difficult by successfully generating and charging electrical energy from the moment it hits the pedal. In particular, unlike the existing power generation technology of the bicycle wheel contact/contactless method, the method using the direct hitting of the piezoelectric ceramic element mounted on the pedal is a unique technology that is difficult to find at home and abroad. Result and Conclusion: The device developed through this study has the potential to produce energy in connection with normal outdoor activities and public health promotion in addition to its usability as an emergency power source in case of a disaster. It is expected to contribute greatly to securing competitiveness and technology in related fields in the future.

Keywords

Piezoelectric Ceramics

Pedal Strikes

Low Power Drive Circuits

Energy Harvesting

Bicycle

연구목적: 본 연구는 재난 등 전력 공급이 취약한 환경에서도 쉽게 전기에너지를 생산하고 저장할 수 있는 휴대용 발전 장치 개발을 목표로 한다. 이를 위해 자전거 페달링 시 발생하는 발구르기 충격 에너지를 활용하여 전기를 생산·저장하는 압전 세라믹 기반의 모듈을 개발하였다. 연구방법: 에너지 변환 효율을 극대화하고 충격에 강하며 고출력 특성을 갖는 압전 세라믹 구조를 설계하였다. 또한, 수확된 미세 전력을 효율적으로 관리하기 위해 소비전력이 낮은 정류회로 및 통합 회로(IC)를 기반으로 손실을 보정하고 협소한 공간에 적용 가능한 저전력 구동 회로를 개발하였다. 개발된 장치는 페달을 타격하는 순간부터 전기에너지를 성공적으로 발생시키고 충전하여 전력 공급이 어려운 환경에서도 활용 가능함을 입증하였다. 특히, 기존 자전거 휠 접촉/비접촉 방식의 발전 기술과 달리 페달에 장착된 압전 세라믹 소자의 직접 타격을 이용하는 방식은 국내외에서 사례를 찾기 어려운 독창적인 기술이다. 연구결과 및 결론: 본 연구를 통해 개발된 장치는 재난 시 비상 전원으로서의 활용성뿐만 아니라, 평상시 야외 활동 및 국민 건강 증진과 연계하여 에너지를 생산할 수 있는 잠재력을 가진다. 이는 향후 관련 분야에서 경쟁력과 기술력 확보에 크게 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

키워드

압전세라믹

페달 타격

저전력 구동 회로

에너지하베스팅

자전거

References

Badatya, S., Bhowal, R., Mandal, K., Srivastava, A.K.,Gupta, M.K., Chopra, D. (2022). “Poling-polarization-mediated centrosymmetric charge transfer organic cocrysta based flexible triboelectric nanogenerator.” ACS Applied Electronic Materials, Vol. 4, No. 7, pp. 3665-3678. 10.1021/acsaelm.2c00630
Kim, H.-Y. (2019). “Development of smart multi-function ground resistivity measurong device using Arduino in wind farm.” The Journal of the Internet, Broadcasting and Communication, Vol. 19, No. 6, pp. 65-71.
Kim, H.Y. (2020). “A study on smart ground resistance measurement technology based on Aduino.” Journal of the Socirty of Disaster Information, Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 684-693.
Kim, H.-Y. (2022). “Development of electrical sequence control safety module circuit using artificial intelligence controller.” The Journal of the Korea Institute of Electronic Communication Sciences, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 699-705.
Lee, J.H., Kim, J., Kim, T.Y., Hossanin, M.S., Kim, S.W., Kim, J.H. (2016). “All-in-one energy harvesting and storage devices.” Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 4, pp. 7983-7999. 10.1039/C6TA01229A
Niu, S., Liu, Y., Wang, S., Lin, L., Zhou, Y.S., Hu, Y., Wang, Z.I. (2013). “Theory of sliding-mode triboelectric nanogenerators.” Advanced Materials, Vol. 25, pp. 6183-6193. 10.1002/adma.201302808
Park, J.-M., Jung, H.-M. (2022). “Analysis of power generation characteristics of TENG (Triboelectric Nanogenerator) suitable for domestic transport environment.” Korean Journal of Packaging Science & Technology, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 193-199. 10.20909/kopast.2022.28.3.193

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Disaster Information
Publisher(Ko) :한국재난정보학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
Journal Title(Ko) :한국재난정보학회논문집
Volume : 21
No :3
Pages :615-623
DOI :https://doi.org/10.15683/kosdi.2025.9.30.615

[1] Badatya, S., Bhowal, R., Mandal, K., Srivastava, A.K.,Gupta, M.K., Chopra, D. (2022). “Poling-polarization-mediated centrosymmetric charge transfer organic cocrysta based flexible triboelectric nanogenerator.” ACS Applied Electronic Materials, Vol. 4, No. 7, pp. 3665-3678. 10.1021/acsaelm.2c00630

[2] Kim, H.-Y. (2019). “Development of smart multi-function ground resistivity measurong device using Arduino in wind farm.” The Journal of the Internet, Broadcasting and Communication, Vol. 19, No. 6, pp. 65-71.

[3] Kim, H.Y. (2020). “A study on smart ground resistance measurement technology based on Aduino.” Journal of the Socirty of Disaster Information, Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 684-693.

[4] Kim, H.-Y. (2022). “Development of electrical sequence control safety module circuit using artificial intelligence controller.” The Journal of the Korea Institute of Electronic Communication Sciences, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 699-705.

[5] Lee, J.H., Kim, J., Kim, T.Y., Hossanin, M.S., Kim, S.W., Kim, J.H. (2016). “All-in-one energy harvesting and storage devices.” Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 4, pp. 7983-7999. 10.1039/C6TA01229A

[6] Niu, S., Liu, Y., Wang, S., Lin, L., Zhou, Y.S., Hu, Y., Wang, Z.I. (2013). “Theory of sliding-mode triboelectric nanogenerators.” Advanced Materials, Vol. 25, pp. 6183-6193. 10.1002/adma.201302808

[7] Park, J.-M., Jung, H.-M. (2022). “Analysis of power generation characteristics of TENG (Triboelectric Nanogenerator) suitable for domestic transport environment.” Korean Journal of Packaging Science & Technology, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 193-199. 10.20909/kopast.2022.28.3.193

Journal of the Society of Disaster Information ISSN:1976-2208(Print) 2671-5287(Online) 한국재난정보학회논문집

All Issue