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2026 Vol.22, Issue 2 Preview Page

Original Article

Analyzing the Effect of Safety Management System on Reducing Industrial Accidents - PPML Analysis Using an Unbalanced Panel

안전관리체계의 산업재해 감소효과 분석 – 불균형 패널 PPML 기반 분석

하혜미1ㆍ김정여2ㆍ조인수3*

Heymi Hah1, Jeongyeo Kim2, Insu Cho3*

1Master’s Course, Department of Business Administration, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
2Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Project Management, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
3Associate Professor, School of Business Administration, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
30 June 2026. pp. 570-580
PDF Citation
Abstract
Purpose: This study examines whether voluntary adoption of a Safety Management System (SMS) reduces industrial accident rates among SMEs not subject to mandatory installation requirements, and whether the effect strengthens over time. Method: Using an establishment panel (2017, 19, 21), we excluded mandatory targets, formed 1:1 PSM-matched treatment and control groups (415 each; N=830), and estimated PPML and dynamic DID-PPML models with injury counts and a working-hours offset. Result: SMS establishments showed significantly lower accident rates than non-SMS establishments (-38%). Dynamic DID-PPML revealed a significant additional reduction in 2021 (-58.4%), suggesting effects that grow stronger over time. Conclusion: The voluntary adoption of safety management systems may be associated with a lower industrial injury rate, and their effects may become more evident after operational practices are established. These findings suggest that policies strengthening operational capacity, rather than focusing solely on mandatory installation, may be more effective.
Keywords
Safety Management System
Industrial Accidents
Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood (PPML)
Difference-In-Differences (DID)
Unbalanced Panel
연구목적: 본 연구는 설치 의무 대상이 아닌 중소기업에서 안전관리체계의 자율적 도입이 산업재해 발생률을 낮추는지, 그 효과가 시간 경과에 따라 강화되는지를 검증한다. 연구방법: 사업장 패널(2017, 19, 21년)을 활용해 의무 설치 대상 사업장을 제외하고, 1:1 성향점수 매칭으로 처치군과 대조군(각 415개)을 구성한 뒤 재해 건수와 근로시간 오프셋을 사용한 PPML 및 동태적 DID-PPML 모형을 추정하였다. 연구결과: 안전관리체계를 보유한 사업장은 미보유 사업장에 비해 산업재해 발생률이 유의하게 낮았다(약 38% 감소). 동태적 DID-PPML 분석에서는 2021년 시점에서 추가적인 감소 효과가 유의하게 나타났으며(약 58.4% 감소), 시간이 지날수록 효과가 강화될 가능성을 시사한다. 결론: 안전관리체계의 자율적 도입은 산업재해 발생률 감소와 관련될 가능성이 있으며, 운영이 정착된 이후 그 효과가 보다 뚜렷하게 나타날 수 있다. 따라서 설치 여부에만 초점을 둔 의무화보다 운영 역량을 함께 강화하는 정책이 보다 효과적일 가능성을 시사한다.
키워드
안전관리체계
산업재해
중소기업
포아송 준최대우도추정법
이중차분법
불균형 패널
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society of Disaster Information
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국재난정보학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국재난정보학회논문집
  • Volume : 22
  • No :2
  • Pages :570-580
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.15683/kosdi.2026.6.30.570
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