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2022 Vol.18, Issue 3 Preview Page

Original Article

Characterizing Human Behavior in Emergency Situations

비상상황에서의 인간 행동 특성화 연구

이 준1ㆍ육동형2*

Jun Lee1, Donghyung Yook2*

1Research Fellow, Korea Transport Institute, Sejong, Republic of Korea
2Research Fellow, Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements, Sejong, Republic of Korea
30 September 2022. pp. 495-506
PDF Citation
Abstract
Purpose: When a serious disaster occurred in East Japan on March 11, 2011, some evacuees in shock failed to avoid danger to the best of their ability. Why did they hesitate and waste their time? And why didn’t they choose correct escaping routes? This study attempts to classify human behavior through psychological point of view and cognitive science and to interpret behavioral patterns based on animal behaviors from the field of biology. Method: This study first conceptually categorized walking behavior into intellectualization, automaticity and instinct based on the existing literature and matched these with empirical data. Result: The actual walking patterns observed failed to be compatible with these categories and consequently, this study suggests the following five categories: normal, busy, fast & straight, freezing and tizzy. This new classification of walking behavior is based on speed, variation of speed and change of direction. Conclusion: The method used in this study and the results can be applied to simulations of walking behavior and analysis of behavior in emergency situations.
Keywords
Walking Behaviors
Intellectualization
Automaticity
Emergency
Instinctual Behavior
연구목적: 일반적으로, 사람들은 일상생활 속에서 자신이 어떻게, 어디서 걷는지 등에 대해 많은 관심을 기울이지 않는 경향이 있다. 하지만, 심각한 화재나 지진이 일어났을 때, 사람들은 가능한 한 빨리 위험지역에서 벗어나려고 노력한다. 만일 사람들이 비상상황에서 의사결정 이론에 근거하여 탈출하게 된다면, 사상 자는 크게 줄어들게 될 것이다. 본 연구는 심리학적인 관점과 인지과학의 관점으로 인간의 행동을 보다 구체적으로 이해하고자 한다. 연구방법: 본 연구에서는 유튜브, CCTV 등에서 얻은 비상상황에서의 영상자료를 수집하여 상황별 사람들의 보행 특성을 분류하였다. 연구결과: 비상상황에서의 보행자의 속도나 방향 전환이 평상시와 전혀 다른 특징을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 재난 발생 시 탈출 방향이 주로 한 방향이기 때문에, 방향전환이 적으며, 평균 보행속도가 상대적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다. 분석결과, 평상시에서의 인간의 행동은 살면서 학습한 습관에 기반하지만 비상 상황의 경우, 원초적인 본능에 기반하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론 : 본 연구에서 활용된 방법론과 연구 결과는 비상상황에서 사람들의 보행 행태에 대한 시뮬레이션과 분석에 활용 될 수 있을것으로 판단된다.
키워드
보행 행동
지능화
자동화
비상상황
본능
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society of Disaster Information
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국재난정보학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국재난정보학회논문집
  • Volume : 18
  • No :3
  • Pages :495-506
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.15683/kosdi.2022.9.30.495
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