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Purpose: The installation of soundproof tunnels along urban expressways has increased to mitigate traffic noise; however, their semi-enclosed configuration leads to rapid accumulation of smoke and heat during fires. In addition, polycarbonate (PC) soundproof panels exhibit combustible properties that can accelerate fire growth. This study aims to evaluate the smoke-control performance of smoke vents and Smoke Reservoir Screen in soundproof tunnels using FDS-based fire simulations and to propose measures for improving fire and evacuation safety. Method: A 100-m-long soundproof tunnel model was analyzed under a 20MW vehicle fire scenario. Twelve simulation cases were developed by varying the spacing of smoke vents and the width and spacing of Smoke Reservoir Screen. Temperature, visibility, and other tenability criteria were assessed according to performance-based design criteria. Result: Narrower smoke-vent spacing significantly improved smoke-control performance. Smoke Reservoir Screen were effective at heights of 3m or lower but caused smoke-layer descent and visibility deterioration when installed at 4 m or higher. The optimal spacing of Smoke Reservoir Screen was identified as 50-70m. T Conclusion: For enhanced fire safety in soundproof tunnels, smoke vents should be installed at intervals of 10-20m, and Smoke Reservoir Screen should be limited to a height of 3 m with a spacing of 50-70m.
연구목적: 방음터널은 도심 고속도로 주변의 교통 소음을 저감하기 위해 설치가 증가하고 있으나, 반밀폐 구조로 인해 화재 발생 시 연기와 열이 급격히 축적되는 위험성을 지닌다. 특히 PC방음판은 가연성 특성이 있어 화재 확산 가능성을 높인다. 이 연구는 FDS 기반 화재 시뮬레이션을 통해 방음터널 내 배연창 및 제연경계벽의 제연 성능을 평가하여 화재·피난 안전성 향상 방안을 제시하였다. 연구방법: 길이 100m 방음터널을 대상으로 20MW 차량 화재를 가정하고 총 12개의 시나리오를 구성하였다. 배연창 설치 간격과 제연경계벽의 폭 및 설치 간격을 변수로 적용하였으며, 성능위주설계 기준에 따라 온도, 가시거리 등 인명한계 기준을 분석하였다. 연구결과: 연창 설치 간격이 좁을수록 제연 성능이 크게 향상되었으며, 제연경계벽은 3m 이상에서 연기 확산 지연에 효과적이었으나, 4m 이상에서는 연기층 하강으로 가시거리가 악화되었다. 제연경계벽 설치 간격은 50~70m에서 가장 안정적이었다. 결론: 방음터널의 화재 안전성 확보를 위해 배연창은 10~20m 간격으로 설치하고, 제연경계벽의 폭은 3m 이하, 설치 간격은 50~70m가 적정한 것으로 분석되었다.
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- Publisher :The Korean Society of Disaster Information
- Publisher(Ko) :한국재난정보학회
- Journal Title :Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
- Journal Title(Ko) :한국재난정보학회논문집
- Volume : 21
- No :4
- Pages :1156-1168
- DOI :https://doi.org/10.15683/kosdi.2025.12.31.1156
Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
