Journal of the Society of Disaster Information ISSN:1976-2208(Print) 2671-5287(Online) 한국재난정보학회논문집

Purpose: Pile driving operations are widely employed in foundation construction; however, a persistent risk of overturning remains, and studies that integrate ground heterogeneity and equipment dynamics into a quantitative, decision-oriented assessment framework are scarce. This study verified whether such linkages can be operationalized into a field-applicable system through an AHP-based framework. Method: Based on documented accident cases and prior studies, risk factors were structured into a three-tier hierarchy, from which four intermediate domains—ground subsidence, excavation collapse, crawler ground contact pressure, and bearing mat load distribution—and 18 lower-level factors were derived. A pairwise comparison survey was conducted with 40 experts in construction and safety, after which the consistency of individual matrices (CR < 0.1) was confirmed and integrated using the geometric mean. Result: Priority rankings consistently placed geotechnical factors at the top, with uneven subsidence (differential settlement), inadequate foundation design, and reduction in pile bearing capacity occupying the highest positions, followed by bearing mat design and installation and groundwater-induced subsidence. In group comparisons, construction experts placed relatively greater emphasis on operational factors, whereas safety experts prioritized preventive and structural controls. Nevertheless, opinions of both groups converged on the substantial importance of ground-related risks. Conclusion: The discussion interprets these weights as actionable management points and acknowledges limitations, including the domestic sample, reliance on expert judgment, and static pairwise comparisons. Furthermore, by proposing revisions to risk assessment tables and on-site procedures, the study provides a quantitative basis for design review, ground investigation and monitoring, and bearing mat planning, thereby strengthening overturning prevention strategies for pile driving operations.