A Case-Based Study on Engineering Causality Analysis and Preventive Measures for Building Damage Caused by Adjacent Construction

doi:10.15683/kosdi.2026.6.30.629

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2026 Vol.22, Issue 2 Preview Page Next Page

Original Article

A Case-Based Study on Engineering Causality Analysis and Preventive Measures for Building Damage Caused by Adjacent Construction 근접 공사로 인한 건물 피해의 공학적 인과관계 분석 및 예방대책에 관한 사례기반 연구: 조춘환*
Choonhwan Cho*; Professor, Department of Construction Systems Engineering, Seoul Digital University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

30 June 2026. pp. 629-643

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Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the damage mechanisms and engineering causality of building damage caused by adjacent construction and to propose a prevention framework linking pre-construction investigation, monitoring, and damage assessment. Method: A literature review and case-based analysis of actual construction disputes were conducted. Major factors such as vibration, settlement, ground stress relaxation, groundwater changes, separation distance, construction conditions, structural deterioration, and availability of monitoring data were comparatively reviewed. Result: The case analysis showed that damage to neighboring structures cannot be determined solely by legal separation distance or a single monitoring threshold. Structural damage may occur when repeated vibration, ground stress relaxation, settlement, groundwater changes, and structural vulnerability act in combination. Insufficient pre-construction investigation and initial monitoring data also limit the quantitative identification of damage timing and causality. Conclusion: Damage caused by adjacent construction should be interpreted as a multi-factor cumulative effect rather than a single-cause phenomenon. An integrated framework linking pre-construction investigation, construction-stage monitoring, and post-construction damage assessment is necessary for damage prevention and dispute resolution.

Keywords

Djacent Construction

Structural Damage Investigation

Pre-Construction Investigation

Instrumentation Monitoring

Engineering Causality

Differential Settlement

연구목적: 본 연구는 근접 공사로 인한 건물 피해의 발생 메커니즘과 공학적 인과관계를 분석하고, 사전조사–계측관리–피해조사를 연계한 예방체계를 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구방법: 문헌고찰과 실제 분쟁 사례 분석을 병행하여 굴착, 흙막이, 말뚝시공 과정에서 발생하는 진동, 침하, 지반응력 이완, 지하수위 변화, 이격거리, 시공조건, 구조물 노후도 및 계측자료 확보 여부를 비교·분석하였다. 연구결과: 사례 분석 결과, 인접 구조물 피해는 법적 이격거리 확보 여부나 단일 계측값의 기준 초과 여부만으로 판단하기 어려우며, 반복 진동, 지반응력 이완, 침하, 지하수위 변화 및 구조물 취약성이 복합적으로 작용할 경우 발생할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 사전조사와 초기 계측자료가 부족한 경우 피해 발생 시점과 공사기인성을 정량적으로 특정하는 데 한계가 있었다. 결론: 근접 공사 피해는 단일 원인이 아닌 다요인 누적 영향으로 해석되어야 하며, 피해 예방과 분쟁 대응을 위해 공사 전 사전조사, 공사 중 계측관리, 공사 후 피해조사를 연계한 통합적 판단 프레임워크가 필요하다.

키워드

근접 공사

구조물 피해조사

사전조사

계측관리

공학적 인과관계

부등침하

References

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Bayraktar, M.E., Kang, Y., Svinkin, M., Arif, F. (2013). Evaluation of Vibration Limits and Mitigation Techniques for Urban Construction. Final Report, Florida Department of Transportation, Report No. BDK80 977-22, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
Boscardin, M.D., Cording, E.J. (1989). “Building response to excavation-induced settlement.” Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 115, No. 1, pp. 1-21. 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1989)115:1(1)
Cho, C.H. (2023). “Behavioral change of workers who completed experiential safety training.” Journal of the Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 161-172. 10.15683/KOSDI.2023.3.31.161
Cho, C.H. (2023). “Study on solutions to the heavy work of safety managers at construction sites.” Journal of the Korea Institute of Construction Safety, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 1-8. 10.20931/JKICS.2022.5.1.001
Cho, C.H. (2023). “The effect of smart safety and health activities on workers’ intended behavior.” Journal of the Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 519-531. 10.15683/KOSDI.2023.9.30.519
Cho, C., Shin, Y., Han, K. (2023). “Need to reduce industrial accidents through the introduction of an prevailing wage system.” Journal of the Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 1-9. 10.15683/KOSDI.2023.3.31.001
Clough, G.W., O’Rourke, T.D. (1990). “Construction-induced movements of in situ walls.” Proceedings of the Specialty Conference on Design and Performance of Earth Retaining Structures, Ithaca, New York, USA, ASCE Geotechnical Special Publication No. 25, pp. 439-470.
Colaço, A., Ferreira, M.A., Costa, P.A. (2022). “Empirical, experimental and numerical prediction of ground-borne vibrations induced by impact pile driving.” Vibration, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 80-95. 10.3390/vibration5010004
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Korff, M. (2009). Deformations and Damage to Buildings Adjacent to Deep Excavations in Soft Soils. Deltares Report 1001307-004-GEO-0002, Delft, The Netherlands.
Massarsch, K.R., Fellenius, B.H. (2008). “Ground vibrations induced by impact pile driving.” Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering, Arlington, VA, USA, Paper No. 3.
Ou, C.Y., Liao, J.T., Cheng, W.L. (2000). “Building response and ground movements induced by a deep excavation.” Géotechnique, Vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 209-220. 10.1680/geot.2000.50.3.209
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Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Disaster Information
Publisher(Ko) :한국재난정보학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
Journal Title(Ko) :한국재난정보학회논문집
Volume : 22
No :2
Pages :629-643
DOI :https://doi.org/10.15683/kosdi.2026.6.30.629

[1] Baek, S.J., Choi, H.G., Choi, J.H. (2019). “Structural analysis and safety evaluation of mobile concrete pump.” Proceedings of the KSMPE Conference, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 198-198.

[2] Bayraktar, M.E., Kang, Y., Svinkin, M., Arif, F. (2013). Evaluation of Vibration Limits and Mitigation Techniques for Urban Construction. Final Report, Florida Department of Transportation, Report No. BDK80 977-22, Tallahassee, FL, USA.

[3] Boscardin, M.D., Cording, E.J. (1989). “Building response to excavation-induced settlement.” Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 115, No. 1, pp. 1-21. 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1989)115:1(1)

[4] Cho, C.H. (2023). “Behavioral change of workers who completed experiential safety training.” Journal of the Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 161-172. 10.15683/KOSDI.2023.3.31.161

[5] Cho, C.H. (2023). “Study on solutions to the heavy work of safety managers at construction sites.” Journal of the Korea Institute of Construction Safety, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 1-8. 10.20931/JKICS.2022.5.1.001

[6] Cho, C.H. (2023). “The effect of smart safety and health activities on workers’ intended behavior.” Journal of the Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 519-531. 10.15683/KOSDI.2023.9.30.519

[7] Cho, C., Shin, Y., Han, K. (2023). “Need to reduce industrial accidents through the introduction of an prevailing wage system.” Journal of the Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 1-9. 10.15683/KOSDI.2023.3.31.001

[8] Clough, G.W., O’Rourke, T.D. (1990). “Construction-induced movements of in situ walls.” Proceedings of the Specialty Conference on Design and Performance of Earth Retaining Structures, Ithaca, New York, USA, ASCE Geotechnical Special Publication No. 25, pp. 439-470.

[9] Colaço, A., Ferreira, M.A., Costa, P.A. (2022). “Empirical, experimental and numerical prediction of ground-borne vibrations induced by impact pile driving.” Vibration, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 80-95. 10.3390/vibration5010004

[10] Deckner, F. (2013). Ground Vibrations Due to Pile and Sheet Pile Driving: Prediction Models of Today. Licentiate Thesis, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.

[11] Hsieh, P.G., Ou, C.Y. (1998). “Shape of ground surface settlement profiles caused by excavation.” Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 35, No. 6, pp. 1004-1017. 10.1139/t98-056

[12] Korff, M. (2009). Deformations and Damage to Buildings Adjacent to Deep Excavations in Soft Soils. Deltares Report 1001307-004-GEO-0002, Delft, The Netherlands.

[13] Massarsch, K.R., Fellenius, B.H. (2008). “Ground vibrations induced by impact pile driving.” Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering, Arlington, VA, USA, Paper No. 3.

[14] Ou, C.Y., Liao, J.T., Cheng, W.L. (2000). “Building response and ground movements induced by a deep excavation.” Géotechnique, Vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 209-220. 10.1680/geot.2000.50.3.209

[15] Zheng, G., Li, X., Li, L., Diao, Y. (2023). “Prediction of ground movements and impacts on adjacent buildings caused by deep excavation.” Applied Sciences, Vol. 13, No. 17, 9485. 10.3390/app13179485

Journal of the Society of Disaster Information ISSN:1976-2208(Print) 2671-5287(Online) 한국재난정보학회논문집

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