Analysis of the Operation Status and Function based on the Overseas Accident Investigation Agency

doi:10.15683/kosdi.2021.9.30.442

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2021 Vol.17, Issue 3 Preview Page Next Page

Original Article

Analysis of the Operation Status and Function based on the Overseas Accident Investigation Agency 국외 재난원인조사기구의 운영 현황 및 기능분석: 이경수¹ㆍ양승호²*ㆍ김연주³ㆍ박지혜⁴ㆍ김태훈⁵ㆍ김현주⁶
Kyung-Su Lee¹, Seung-Ho Yang²*, Yeon-Ju Kim³, Jihye Park⁴, Tai-Hoon Kim⁵, Hyunju Kim⁶; ¹Research Officer, Disaster Scientific Investigation Division, National Disaster Management Research Institute, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
²Senior Researcher, Disaster Scientific Investigation Division, National Disaster Management Research Institute, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
³Researcher, Disaster Scientific Investigation Division, National Disaster Management Research Institute, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
⁴Researcher, Disaster Scientific Investigation Division, National Disaster Management Research Institute, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
⁵Senior Research Officer, Disaster Scientific Investigation Division, National Disaster Management Research Institute, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
⁶Director, Disaster Scientific Investigation Division, National Disaster Management Research Institute, Ulsan, Republic of Korea

30 September 2021. pp. 442-453

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Abstract

Purpose: The objective of this study is to suggest desirable direction of Korean accident investigation organization by analyzing the operation status and way of overseas developed countries’ investigation agency. Method: To accomplish the objective of this study, we were examined four main characteristics of accident investigation agencies of the U.S., Japan, and Sweden, focusing on (1); the background of the establishment, (2);organizational structure, (3);major tasks and functions, (4); accident investigation procedures. Result: First, the purpose of its establishment and task is to prevent recurrence of disasters and accidents, at the same time, administrating and researching duties such as legal system, policy, recommending improvement and conducting scientific disaster-cause analysis to contribute safety for the government. Second, it is operated as an independent organization under the president, not belonging to the ministry, in order to enable fair investigation in an impartial position. Third, it has the authority to be recognized for its expertise in the results of investigation. In other words, it is operated as a permanent organization with professional personnel, and secures authority through the accident research with in- depth investigation and high-quality recommendations. Conclusion: The overseas investigation agencies rapidly manage and coordinate their operational practices in order to resolve national requirements and social conflicts with fairness, accuracy and expertise in accident investigations. In order to prevent the recurrence of similar events, Korea needs to efficiently reconstruct its investigative functions distributed by each government department. In addition, institutional improvement is needed to make general adjustments at the national level, organize and operate control tower for when the accident has happened.

Keywords

Disaster Scientific Investigation

National Transportation Safety Board

Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board

Japan National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health

Accident Investigation Agency

연구목적: 본 연구에서는 국외 선진 조사기구의 운영현황을 조사하고 착안점 도출을 통해 우리나라 조사기구가 나아가야 할 방향을 고찰하고자 한다. 연구방법: 미국, 일본, 스웨덴 등 선진 조사기구의 설립배경, 조직구성, 주요업무 및 기능, 사고조사 절차 등 조직 운영 현황과 기능을 조사하였다. 연구결과: 첫째 모든 조사기구들의 설립 목적과 기능은 유사 재난·사고의 재발방지를 위함이며, 원인조사, 법·제도·정책 등의 개선권고, 권고사항에 대한 이행점검 등을 주요업무로 하고 있다. 둘째, 중립적 입장에서 공정한 조사가 가능하도록 부처 소속이 아닌 대통령 직속의 독립기구로 운영하고 있다. 셋째, 조사결과의 전문성을 인정받을 수 있는 권위를 보유하고 있다. 즉, 전문성 축적이 가능한 상시 전문인력 확보를 통한 상설조직으로 운영하고 있으며, 심층조사와 수준높은 권고안 마련을 통해 조사결과에 대한 권위를 확보하고 있다. 결론: 국외 재난조사 기구는 국가적 요구와 사회적 재난 갈등을 해소하기 위해, 원인조사의 공정성, 정확성과 전문성을 강화함과 동시에 독립성을 확보하고, 대규모 재난시 국가 차원의 신속한 사고조사 운영실태를 총괄‧조정하기 위하여 조직의 위상을 확보하고 있다. 유사 재난ᐧ사고의 악순환이 반복되는 것을 방지하기 위해서 우리나라는 부처별로 분산된 조사 기능을 효율적으로 연계할 필요가 있다. 또한, 다수부처와 관련된 재난·사고 발생 시 국가차원에서 총괄·조정 및 컨트롤타워를 구성ᐧ운영할 수 있도록 제도적인 개선이 필요하다.

키워드

재난원인조사

연방교통안전위원회

화학사고조사위원회

노동안전위생종합연구소

사고조사위원회

References

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Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Disaster Information
Publisher(Ko) :한국재난정보학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
Journal Title(Ko) :한국재난정보학회논문집
Volume : 17
No :3
Pages :442-453
DOI :https://doi.org/10.15683/kosdi.2021.9.30.442

[1] Bae, J.H., Park, Y.W. (2014). "An exploration study on redesign of national disaster management system." GRI Review, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 319-341.

[2] Baek, O.S. (2014). "The legal problem and the improvement of the disaster management system at sea: Focused on the SEWOL passenger ship case." Chung-Ang Law Association, Chung-Ang Law Review, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 7-52. 10.21759/caulaw.2014.16.2.7

[3] Cho, N., Jin, S.H., Choe, B.-G. (2005). "Setting up an organisation for traffic accident investigation." Korean Society Of Transportation, Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference 49, pp. 746-754.

[4] Cho, C.Y., Im, J.J. (2019). "A study on a hybrid approach-based accident investigation model: with an application to Sewol ferry disaster." Korean Policy Sciences Review, Vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 87-111. 10.31553/kpsr.2019.6.23.4.87

[5] Choi, S.W., Jeong, S.C., Park, J.S., Yang, J.Y., Byeon, J. (2019). "A study on the improvement plan of electrostatic safety management level through injury analysis." Journal of the Korean Society of Safety, Vol. 34, No. 5, pp. 37-45.

[6] CSB Website. Accessed on May 12, 2021. https://www.csb.gov.

[7] CSB (2021). Fiscal Year 2021 Budget Request.

[8] Engler, R. (2019). "Should engineers have more influence on safety? A view from a member of the United States Chemical Safety Board." Process Safety Progress, Vol. 38, No. 3, e12076. 10.1002/prs.12076

[9] Fieding, E., Lo, A.W., Yang, J.H. (2011). "The national transportation safety board: A model for systemic risk management." Journal of Investment Management, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 17-49.

[10] Jakobsson, E. (2011). "Accident investigations: A comparative perspective on societal in Norway and Sweden, 1970-2010." Scandinavian Journal of History, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp.206-229. 10.1080/03468755.2011.565457

[11] JNIOSH Website. Accessed on May 12, 2021. https://www.jniosh.johas.go.jp/en.

[12] Kim, T.I. (2014). A Study on the Actual Condition and Problem on Disaster Management of Korea : Focusing on the Sewol Ship. Master’s Thesis, Hanyang University.

[13] Korea Environment Institute (2013). A Study on the Improvement of the Chemical Accident Response System.

[14] Lim, D.H. (2010). A Study on the Legal Aspect of the Independence of National Aviation Accident Investigation Organization and its System. Master’s Thesis, Korea Aerospace University.

[15] Lee, J.S., Choi, D.M. (2015). "A study on the improvement of chemical accident response system in view of the national disaster management system." Fire Science and Engineering, Vol. 29, No. 5, pp. 73-78. 10.7731/KIFSE.2015.29.5.073

[16] National Disaster Management Research Institute (2018). The Strategy Report for Establishing the National Commission for Disaster and Accident Investigation.

[17] NTSB Website. Accessed on May 12, 2021. https://www.ntsb.gov/Pages/default.aspx.

[18] O’Neil, P.D., Krane, D. (2012). "Policy and organizational change in the federal aviation administration: The ontogenesis of a high-reliability organization." Public Administration Review, Vol. 72, No. 1, pp. 98-111. 10.1111/j.1540-6210.2011.02479.x

[19] Park, N.H., Yeo, W.H., Lee, J.S., Jeong, G.S. (2017). "A case study on the institute of disaster causes investigation." Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference, The Korean Society of Disaster Information, pp. 372-373.

[20] Roed-Larsen, S., Stoop, J. (2012). "Modern accident investigation-Four major challenges." Safety Science, Vol. 50, No. 6, pp. 1392-1397. 10.1016/j.ssci.2011.03.005

[21] Sutherland, V.A. (2016). "The US chemical safety board: Moving forward to continually drive chemical safety change." Process Safety Progress, Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 306-311. 10.1002/prs.11856

[22] Toyosawa, Y. (2018). "Editorial the mission of the national institute of occupational safety and health, Japan (JNIOSH)." Industrial Health, Vol. 56, No. 3, pp. 185-186. 10.2486/indhealth.56_300 29863093 PMC5985456

[23] Wrigstad, J., Bergström, J., Gustafson, P. (2017). "One event, three investigations: The reproduction of a safety norm." Safety Science, Vol. 96, pp. 75-83. 10.1016/j.ssci.2017.03.009

Journal of the Society of Disaster Information ISSN:1976-2208(Print) 2671-5287(Online) 한국재난정보학회논문집

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