Analysis of the Effect of the Effective width of the Exit of the Evacuation Stairs on the Evacuation Time of the Occupants

doi:10.15683/kosdi.2022.3.31.073

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2022 Vol.18, Issue 1 Preview Page Next Page

Original Article

Analysis of the Effect of the Effective width of the Exit of the Evacuation Stairs on the Evacuation Time of the Occupants 피난계단 출입구 유효너비가 수용인원의 피난시간에 미치는 영향 분석: 양성훈*
Sung-Hoon Yang*; Graduate student, Department of Industrial Engineering, Sunmoon University, Asan, Republic of Korea

31 March 2022. pp. 73-79

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Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the minimum effective width (90cm) of the exit of the evacuation stairway installed in accordance with the Building Act and the evacuation time of all occupants using the corresponding floor from an evacuation point of view. Method: The evacuation simulation (Pathfinder) was used to investigate how the change in doorway width affects the evacuation time of occupants. Result: It was found that as the effective width of the doorway became larger than the minimum standard of 90cm, the evacuation time to the evacuation stairs was shortened. This is also proof that the effective width of the evacuation stair entrance can be appropriately applied differently depending on the number of occupants on the floor. Conclusion: In the future, in order to secure evacuation safety of occupants, it is judged that the effective width standard for the exit of the evacuation stairway considering the total number of occupants by use is necessary. In addition, it is expected that the evacuation efficiency of occupants can be greatly increased if various effective width standards for entrances are made according to the number of occupants by use through research and experiments.

Keywords

Evacuation Stairs

Effective width of Entrance

Evacuation Time

Factors Affecting Evacuation Time

Evacuation Capacity

Simulation

Evacuation

연구목적: 건축법에 따라 설치되는 피난계단 출입구의 최소 유효 폭(90cm) 기준이 해당 층을 사용하는 전체 재실자의 피난 시간과는 어떤 관계가 있는지 피난 관점에서 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 출입구 폭의 변화에 따라 재실자의 피난 시간에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 피난 시뮬레이션(Pathfinder)을 통하여 알아보았다. 연구결과: 출입구의 유효 폭이 최소기준 90cm보다 커지면 커질수록 피난계단으로의 피난 시간이 단축되는 것을 알 수 있었고, 더불어 출입구의 너비가 일정 크기 이상 되면 피난 시간은 더는 단축되지 않는다는 사실도 알 수 있었다. 이는 해당 층 전체 재실자의 수에 따라 피난계단 출입구의 유효 너비를 적정하게 달리 적용할 수 있다는 방증(傍證)이기도 한 것이다. 결론: 앞으로는 재실자의 피난 안전성 확보를 위해 용도별 전체 수용인원을 고려한 피난 계단 출입구 유효 폭 기준이 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 더불어 연구 및 실험을 통해 용도별 수용인원에 따른 다양한 출입구 유효 폭 기준이 만들어진다면 재실자의 피난 효율성이 크게 증대될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

키워드

피난계단

출입구 유효 폭

피난 시간

피난 시간 영향요소

피난용량

시뮬레이션

피난

References

Choi, D.C., Hwang, H.-S., Ko, M.-H., Lee, S.-Y. (2020). "A study on fire and Evacuation simulation analysis for use of disaster vulnerable personal evacuation device." Journal of The Korean Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 824-831.
Ha, J.I. (2019). "A Study on the improvement of fire protection door performance in apartment houses through Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)." Journal of The Korean Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 540-547.
Ham, E.G., Kim, D.-C., Lee, C.-W. (2015). "A study on fire risk assessment of a small space using fire simulation." Journal of The Korean Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 581-588. 10.15683/kosdi.2015.11.4.581
Im, S.H. (2021). A Study on the Travel Distance and Exit Width for Securing Efficient Evacuation Time in Business and Sales Facilities. Master's Thesis, Gachon University Graduate School of Industrial Environment. 10.7731/KIFSE.7e02e654
Ko, J.S. (2017). "A study on measures for the mitigation of fire damage in Korea super high-rise building through the improvement of domestic·foreign standards" Journal of The Korean Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 233-248.
Lee, B.H. (2017). A Study on the Analysis of Determinants for Evacuation Time Prediction of Office Buildings. Ph.D. Dissertation, Pusan National University.
Lee, C.W., Choi, B.-Y., Kim, J.-S., Cho, Y.-S., Yoo, J.-Y. (2016). "The study of simulation for reproduce accidents of narrow dwelling space." Journal of The Korean Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 12, No. 3, pp. 210-218. 10.15683/kosdi.2016.9.30.210
Moon, H.R. (2019). A Study on Evacuation Time for Subway Transit Stations by Egress Simulation. Ph.D. Dissertation, Seoul National University of Science and Technology.
Yoo, Y.H. (2009). Development of Fire Spread Prevention and Escape Safety Design Technique According to Standard Fire Model 2009. 12. Korea Institute of Construction Technology, 1415091720, Science On.
Youn, H.J., Hwang, E.-K. (2013). "A study of on the occupant movement speed during emergency evacuations for the evacuation safety assessment of domestic buildings." Journal of The Korean Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 332-338.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Disaster Information
Publisher(Ko) :한국재난정보학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
Journal Title(Ko) :한국재난정보학회논문집
Volume : 18
No :1
Pages :73-79
DOI :https://doi.org/10.15683/kosdi.2022.3.31.073

[1] Choi, D.C., Hwang, H.-S., Ko, M.-H., Lee, S.-Y. (2020). "A study on fire and Evacuation simulation analysis for use of disaster vulnerable personal evacuation device." Journal of The Korean Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 824-831.

[2] Ha, J.I. (2019). "A Study on the improvement of fire protection door performance in apartment houses through Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)." Journal of The Korean Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 540-547.

[3] Ham, E.G., Kim, D.-C., Lee, C.-W. (2015). "A study on fire risk assessment of a small space using fire simulation." Journal of The Korean Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 581-588. 10.15683/kosdi.2015.11.4.581

[4] Im, S.H. (2021). A Study on the Travel Distance and Exit Width for Securing Efficient Evacuation Time in Business and Sales Facilities. Master's Thesis, Gachon University Graduate School of Industrial Environment. 10.7731/KIFSE.7e02e654

[5] Ko, J.S. (2017). "A study on measures for the mitigation of fire damage in Korea super high-rise building through the improvement of domestic·foreign standards" Journal of The Korean Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 233-248.

[6] Lee, B.H. (2017). A Study on the Analysis of Determinants for Evacuation Time Prediction of Office Buildings. Ph.D. Dissertation, Pusan National University.

[7] Lee, C.W., Choi, B.-Y., Kim, J.-S., Cho, Y.-S., Yoo, J.-Y. (2016). "The study of simulation for reproduce accidents of narrow dwelling space." Journal of The Korean Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 12, No. 3, pp. 210-218. 10.15683/kosdi.2016.9.30.210

[8] Moon, H.R. (2019). A Study on Evacuation Time for Subway Transit Stations by Egress Simulation. Ph.D. Dissertation, Seoul National University of Science and Technology.

[9] Yoo, Y.H. (2009). Development of Fire Spread Prevention and Escape Safety Design Technique According to Standard Fire Model 2009. 12. Korea Institute of Construction Technology, 1415091720, Science On.

[10] Youn, H.J., Hwang, E.-K. (2013). "A study of on the occupant movement speed during emergency evacuations for the evacuation safety assessment of domestic buildings." Journal of The Korean Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 332-338.

Journal of the Society of Disaster Information ISSN:1976-2208(Print) 2671-5287(Online) 한국재난정보학회논문집

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