A Study on the Fire Diffusion Model of Loadable Materials in Rack-Type Warehouse Using FDS

doi:10.15683/kosdi.2024.9.30.672

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2024 Vol.20, Issue 3 Preview Page Next Page

Original Article

A Study on the Fire Diffusion Model of Loadable Materials in Rack-Type Warehouse Using FDS 물류시설 적재가연물 FDS 를 통한 화재 확산 모델링에 관한 연구: 주유빈¹ㆍ손은수²ㆍ김상일³ㆍ최두찬⁴*
Yu Bin Joo¹, Eun Su Son², Sang Il Kim³, Doo Chan Choi⁴*; ¹Researcher, Future Initiative R&D Center, KF UBIS CO., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
²Center Leader, Future Initiative R&D Center, KF UBIS CO., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
³Vice President, KF UBIS CO., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
⁴Chief Executive Officer, KF UBIS CO., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea

30 September 2024. pp. 672-681

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Abstract

Purpose: In order to secure a specific fire diffusion model, this study compares and analyzes the NIST UL standard application scenario and the performance-oriented design application scenario and examines the difference between the fire diffusion model and the surface fire model. Method: Temperature, visibility, and CO sensors were installed for each scenario using FDS, and the two scenarios were compared and analyzed through the changes. Result: As a result of analyzing the temperature, visibility, and CO for each scenario, the NIST UL standard application scenario is very similar to the actual fire, and the performance-oriented design application scenario shows a harsh fire situation. Conclusion: When designing fire safety for large buildings such as distribution warehouses, it is important to prepare comprehensive fire safety measures in consideration of both actual fire and harsh fire conditions.

Keywords

Rack-Type Warehouse

Fire Dynamics Simulator

Performance Based Design

Fire diffusion model

Surface Fire Model

연구목적: 본 연구는 구체적인 화재 확산 모델을 확보하기 위해 NIST UL 기준 적용 시나리오와 성능위주설계 적용 시나리오를 비교 분석하고 화재 확산 모델과 표면 화재 모델의 차이점을 보고자 한다. 연구방법: FDS를 활용하여 시나리오 별로 온도·가시도·CO 센서를 설치하고 그 변화를 통해 두 시나리오를 비교 분석하였다. 연구결과: 시나리오 별로 온도·가시도·CO를 분석한 결과 NIST UL 기준 적용 시나리오는 실화재와 매우 유사하고, 성능위주설계 적용 시나리오는 가혹한 화재 상황을 보여준다. 결론: 물류창고와 같은 대형 건축물의 화재 안전 설계 시에는 실화재 및 가혹한 화재 상황을 모두 고려하여 종합적인 화재 안전 대책을 마련하는 것이 중요하다.

키워드

물류시설

화재 시뮬레이션

성능위주설계

화재 확산 모델

표면 화재 모델

References

Cho, G.-H., Yeo, I.-H. (2016). "A study on the Fire Characteristics of Palletized Unit-Load Commodities on Racks." Fire Science and Engineering, Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 23-30.10.7731/KIFSE.2016.30.3.023
Korean Fire Protection Association (2008). Korea Fire Safety Standards (KFS) 1013 Standard of Sprinkler System. Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Korean Fire Protection Association (2020). Korea Fire Safety Standards (KFS) 630 Standard on Fire Protection for Logistics Warehouse. Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Kim, M.S, Lee., S.B., Min, S.H. (2023). "A study on the adaptability of oxygen reduction system to fire in cold storage through fire simulation analysis." Journal of the Korea Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 117-127.
Kim, W.-C. (2017). An Experimental Study on Vertical Fire Spread Behavior of Rack-Type Warehouse. Doctor Thesis, KyongGi University.
Kim, W.-H., Lee, Y.-J. (2016). "A field survey of rack-type warehouse for commodity classification system in Korea." Fire Science and Engineering, Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 98-105.10.7731/KIFSE.2016.30.2.098
Kim, W.-H., Seo, D.-H., Ham, E.-G. (2019). "A improvement plan for fire fighting activity of rack- type warehouse based on case study and field interview." Journal of the Korea Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 67-75.
Ko, M.-H. (2022). A Study on the Method of Loading Combustibles in Rack-Type Warehouse. Master Thesis, KyongGi University.
Lee, J.I. (2019). "A study on the risk of fire of magnetic contactor at the control panel of refrigeration warehouse." Journal of the Korea Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 313-322.
Lee, S.-B., Kim, M.-S., Min, S.-H. (2023). "A study on the comparison of aspirating smoke detector and general smoke detector detection time according to the fire speed and location of logistics warehouse through FDS." Journal of the Korea Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 608-623.
Lee, Y.-J., Park, H.-J. (2012). "A study on Introduction to performance based design of sprinkler installation on risk level for individual occupancy in Korea." Science and Engineering, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 1-10.10.7731/KIFSE.2012.26.2.001
National Fire Protection Association (2019). NFPA 13 Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems. Boston, United States of America.
National Fire Protection Association. (2019). NFPA 72 National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code. Boston, United States of America.
Park, M.-U. (2022). A Study on the Application of Horizontal Barriers to improve Fire Safety in Rack-Type Warehouse. Master Thesis, GaChon University.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Disaster Information
Publisher(Ko) :한국재난정보학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
Journal Title(Ko) :한국재난정보학회논문집
Volume : 20
No :3
Pages :672-681
DOI :https://doi.org/10.15683/kosdi.2024.9.30.672

[1] Cho, G.-H., Yeo, I.-H. (2016). "A study on the Fire Characteristics of Palletized Unit-Load Commodities on Racks." Fire Science and Engineering, Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 23-30.10.7731/KIFSE.2016.30.3.023

[2] Korean Fire Protection Association (2008). Korea Fire Safety Standards (KFS) 1013 Standard of Sprinkler System. Seoul, Republic of Korea.

[3] Korean Fire Protection Association (2020). Korea Fire Safety Standards (KFS) 630 Standard on Fire Protection for Logistics Warehouse. Seoul, Republic of Korea.

[4] Kim, M.S, Lee., S.B., Min, S.H. (2023). "A study on the adaptability of oxygen reduction system to fire in cold storage through fire simulation analysis." Journal of the Korea Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 117-127.

[5] Kim, W.-C. (2017). An Experimental Study on Vertical Fire Spread Behavior of Rack-Type Warehouse. Doctor Thesis, KyongGi University.

[6] Kim, W.-H., Lee, Y.-J. (2016). "A field survey of rack-type warehouse for commodity classification system in Korea." Fire Science and Engineering, Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 98-105.10.7731/KIFSE.2016.30.2.098

[7] Kim, W.-H., Seo, D.-H., Ham, E.-G. (2019). "A improvement plan for fire fighting activity of rack- type warehouse based on case study and field interview." Journal of the Korea Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 67-75.

[8] Ko, M.-H. (2022). A Study on the Method of Loading Combustibles in Rack-Type Warehouse. Master Thesis, KyongGi University.

[9] Lee, J.I. (2019). "A study on the risk of fire of magnetic contactor at the control panel of refrigeration warehouse." Journal of the Korea Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 313-322.

[10] Lee, S.-B., Kim, M.-S., Min, S.-H. (2023). "A study on the comparison of aspirating smoke detector and general smoke detector detection time according to the fire speed and location of logistics warehouse through FDS." Journal of the Korea Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 608-623.

[11] Lee, Y.-J., Park, H.-J. (2012). "A study on Introduction to performance based design of sprinkler installation on risk level for individual occupancy in Korea." Science and Engineering, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 1-10.10.7731/KIFSE.2012.26.2.001

[12] National Fire Protection Association (2019). NFPA 13 Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems. Boston, United States of America.

[13] National Fire Protection Association. (2019). NFPA 72 National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code. Boston, United States of America.

[14] Park, M.-U. (2022). A Study on the Application of Horizontal Barriers to improve Fire Safety in Rack-Type Warehouse. Master Thesis, GaChon University.

Journal of the Society of Disaster Information ISSN:1976-2208(Print) 2671-5287(Online) 한국재난정보학회논문집

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