Measures to Secure the Habitability of Temporary Shelter for Shelter in Place in Nuclear Power Plant Accidents

doi:10.15683/kosdi.2023.9.30.582

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2023 Vol.19, Issue 3 Preview Page Next Page

Original Article

Measures to Secure the Habitability of Temporary Shelter for Shelter in Place in Nuclear Power Plant Accidents 원전 사고지역에서 실내대피를 위한 임시대피시설의 거주성 확보방안: 김정동¹ㆍ은종화²*
Jeongdong Kim¹, Chonghwa Eun²*; ¹PhD Student, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
²Research Professor, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

30 September 2023. pp. 582-596

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Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to explore the ways to improve the security of temporary shelters in case of nuclear power plant accidents. Method: In this study, we mainly rely on the case studies on previous nuclear power plant accidents-Chernobyl, Fukushima, and Three Mile Island (TMI) cases. Result: The current radiation emergency response plans for nuclear power plant accidents center around the evacuation procedure. As a result, the concept of “shelter in place” has been understood as a means of assisting resident evacuation. However, based on the case studies, we find that encouraging shelter in place, rather than simply emphasizing evacuation, would help minimize unnecessary casualties, especially in case of the accidents rated greater than or equal to INES 5. To facilitate better shelter in place, we recommend utilize apartments as temporary shelters and suggest some possible improvements to ensure those apartments could be equipped with technologies for high radiation protection. Conclusion: To ensure better shelter in place, we recommend using apartments as temporary shelters, and we seek to supplement the function of apartments by using shielding, positive pressure, and sealing technologies.

Keywords

Shelter In Place

Temporary Shelters

Censuring Habitability

Protective Factor.

연구목적: 본 연구는 원전사고 발생 시 임시 대피시설의 안전성을 강화할 수 있는 방안을 연구하였다. 연구방법: 본 연구에서는 과거의 체르노빌, 후쿠시마, 쓰리마일섬(TMI) 원전사고에 대한 사례연구를 활용하였다. 연구결과: 현재의 방사선 비상 대응 계획은 소개에 중점을 두고 있으며, 실내대피 개념은 단순히 주민 대피를 지원하는 수단으로 활용되고 있다. 그러나 사례연구를 통해 INES-5 이상의 사고의 경우, 소개보다 실내대피를 장려하는 것이 사상자 최소화에 효과적임을 확인하였다. 더 나은 실내대피를 보장하기 위해 아파트를 임시 대피소로 활용할 것을 권장하며, 아파트가 방사선 방호 기술을 갖추도록 개선사항을 제안한다. 결론: 더 나은 실내대피를 보장하기 위해 아파트를 임시 대피소로 활용할 것을 권장하며, 차폐, 양압, 밀폐기술을 이용해서 아파트의 성능을 보완하고자 한다.

키워드

실내대피

임시대피소

거주성 확보

방호도

References

Department of Homeland Security (2019). Planning Considerations: Evacuation and Shelter-in-Place. US.
Environmental Protection Agency (2017) PAG Manual: Protective Action Guides and Planning Guidance for Radiological Incidents. US.
Maxwell, C. (1982). "Hospital organizational response to the nuclear accident at three mile island: Implications for future oriented disaster planning." American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 72, No. 3, pp. 275-279. 10.2105/AJPH.72.3.275 7058968 PMC1649805
Ministry of Public Administration and Security (2022). Establishment of Radiation Disaster Prevention and Resident Protection Plan. Korea, p. 16.
Nuclear Regulatory Commission (2011). Recommendations for Enhancing Reactor Safety in the 21 Century. US.
Ohba, T., Tanigawa, K., Liutsko, L. (2021). "Evacuation after a nuclear accident: Critical reviews of past nuclear accidents and proposal for future planning." Environment International, Vol. 148, pp. 2-6. 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106379 33453652
Sawano, T. (2021). "Emergency hospital evacuation from a hospital within 5 km radius of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant: A retrospective analysis of disaster preparedness for hospitalized patients." Disaster Medicine and PublicHealth Preparedness, Vol. 16, pp. 2190 - 2193. 10.1017/dmp.2021.265 34645542
Tatsuzaki, H., Kumagai, A., Fuma, S., Yamashita, S. (2022). "Reorganization of advanced radiation emergency medicine systems in Japan after the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident." Environmental Advances, Vol. 8, pp. 1-3 10.1016/j.envadv.2022.100197

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Disaster Information
Publisher(Ko) :한국재난정보학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
Journal Title(Ko) :한국재난정보학회논문집
Volume : 19
No :3
Pages :582-596
DOI :https://doi.org/10.15683/kosdi.2023.9.30.582

[1] Department of Homeland Security (2019). Planning Considerations: Evacuation and Shelter-in-Place. US.

[2] Environmental Protection Agency (2017) PAG Manual: Protective Action Guides and Planning Guidance for Radiological Incidents. US.

[3] Maxwell, C. (1982). "Hospital organizational response to the nuclear accident at three mile island: Implications for future oriented disaster planning." American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 72, No. 3, pp. 275-279. 10.2105/AJPH.72.3.275 7058968 PMC1649805

[4] Ministry of Public Administration and Security (2022). Establishment of Radiation Disaster Prevention and Resident Protection Plan. Korea, p. 16.

[5] Nuclear Regulatory Commission (2011). Recommendations for Enhancing Reactor Safety in the 21 Century. US.

[6] Ohba, T., Tanigawa, K., Liutsko, L. (2021). "Evacuation after a nuclear accident: Critical reviews of past nuclear accidents and proposal for future planning." Environment International, Vol. 148, pp. 2-6. 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106379 33453652

[7] Sawano, T. (2021). "Emergency hospital evacuation from a hospital within 5 km radius of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant: A retrospective analysis of disaster preparedness for hospitalized patients." Disaster Medicine and PublicHealth Preparedness, Vol. 16, pp. 2190 - 2193. 10.1017/dmp.2021.265 34645542

[8] Tatsuzaki, H., Kumagai, A., Fuma, S., Yamashita, S. (2022). "Reorganization of advanced radiation emergency medicine systems in Japan after the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident." Environmental Advances, Vol. 8, pp. 1-3 10.1016/j.envadv.2022.100197

Journal of the Society of Disaster Information ISSN:1976-2208(Print) 2671-5287(Online) 한국재난정보학회논문집

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