All Issue

2024 Vol.20, Issue 2 Preview Page

Original Article

A Study on the Improvement Plan for Reducing the Risk of Crowed Event

다중운집행사 리스크 저감을 위한 개선방안 연구

박남권*

Nam-Kwun Park*

Expert Committeeman, Urban Safety & Construction Committee, Seoul Metropolitan Council, Seoul, Republic of Korea
30 June 2024. pp. 379-389
PDF Citation
Abstract
Purpose and Method: Crowed Events can lead to sudden accidents caused by unpredictable variables. Therefore, focusing on the '10.29 Itaewon accident' among the representative cases, we examined the accident as the process of occurrence. In addition, improvement measures were suggested through analysis of related legal systems. Result: In the Itaewon accident, a “colony wave phenomenon” occurred due to “ultra-high-density cluster stay”. In addition, cluster destruction occurred from a weak location in the cluster due to clusters and pressures in different directions to avoid this. Looking at the laws related to the safety management of Crowed Events, the laws and regulations differ depending on the location and type. Due to the complementary nature of the approach to the legal blind spot, the legal system that uses similar terms of the same concept and is not systematic is causing uncertainty in the application and interpretation of the law. Conclusion: Crowd control and on-site management should be carried out for events when the cluster density is expected to reach 8 people/㎡ or reached. Consistency should be maintained through the unified application of legislation to related legislation.
Keywords
Crowed Event
Risk
Itaewon Accidents
연구목적과 연구방법: 다중운집행사는 예측할 수 없는 변수에 의해 돌발적인 사고로 이어질 수 있다. 대표적인 사례 중 10.29 이태원 사고에 주목하여 사고 발생 과정과 관련 법제 등의 분석을 통해 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다. 연구결과: 이태원 사고를 보면, ‘초고밀도 군집체류’로 인한 ‘군집파동현상’이 발생하였으며 이를 회피하려는 서로 다른 방향의 군집과 압력으로 인해 군집 내 약한 위치부터 군집 파괴가 발생했다. 다중운집행사 안전관리 관련 법제를 보면 다중운집 장소 및 유형에 따라 법 규정이 상이하다. 법 사각지대에 대한 보완적 성격의 접근으로 인해 동일 개념의 유사 용어의 사용 및 체계적이지 못한 법체계가 해석과 적용에 있어 불확실성을 가져온다. 결론: 군집밀도가 8명/㎡에 이를 것으로 예상되거나 도달한 시점의 행사는 군중의 통제 및 현장관리가 이루어져야 하며, 관련 법제에 대한 통일적인 법제 적용을 통해 정합성을 유지해야 한다.
키워드
다중운집행사
리스크
이태원사고
References
  1. Chosun Media (2022.11.2). "Dozens of people fell one after another." Itaewon stampede site, https://www.chosun.com/national/national_general/2022/10/30/TQDDQ267PVHEPFBXOAWC75WD4I/?utm_source=naver&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=naver-news
  2. Dailyan (2022.10.31). "President Choi declares Yongsan-gu a 'special disaster area'..."Support for funeral and medical expenses for the Itaewon disaster", etc.", https://www.dailian.co.kr/news/view/1167892/?sc=Naver
  3. Edaily (2022.10.30). "Fire agency says itaewon stampede accident on Halloween.... Issuance of the second stage of firefighting response." https://www.edaily.co.kr/news/read?newsId=01085686632498168&mediaCodeNo=257&OutLnkChk=Y
  4. Gyeonin Daily (2022.10.30). "Leaders of various countries mourn the 'Itaewon disaster'... Declaration of a period of national mourning." https://www.kmaeil.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=371290
  5. Kim, S.-T. (2023). "The role and responsibility of the police in relation to the mass gathering -Focusing on the interpretation of the disaster safety Act and the Police Law-." The Law Reasearch Institutute of Hongik University, Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 1-27.
  6. Kim, S.-U., Kim, M.-S., Kwan, D.-S., Park, Y.-J. (2015). A Study on Police Intervention Regarding the Safety Management of Local Events. TRKO201600015931, Korean National Police Agency.
  7. Kim, S.-W. (2017). "Comparison of factors influencing to mobilization of police to crowd gathering occasion." The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, Vol. 17, No. 6, pp. 643-649.
  8. Kim, S.-W., Shin, J.-H. (2017). "Survey for the police service about mass rally." Journal of the Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 139-146.
  9. Kookmin Ilbo (2022.10.30). Itaewon stampede accident witness: "I suddenly lost my center of gravity and fell down." https://www.kmib.co.kr/article/view.asp?arcid=0017617703&code=61121111&cp=nv
  10. Lee, J.-A., Mun, S.-C. (2019). "Brief overview of deep learning based anomaly detection for smart surveillance system." Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference, Seoul, pp. 14-16.
  11. Lovreglio, R., Ronchi, E., Nilsson, D. (2015). "A model of decision-making process during pre-evacuation." Fire Safety Journal, Vol. 78, pp. 168-179. 10.1016/j.firesaf.2015.07.001
  12. Ma, J., Song, W.-G., Tian, W., Lo, S.-M., Liao, G.-X. (2012). "Experimental study on an ultra high-rise building evacuation in China." Safety Science, Vol. 50, pp. 1665-1674. 10.1016/j.ssci.2011.12.018
  13. Moon, J.-S. (2022). "A study on crowd management and crowd control and crowd behavior in multi-crowd gathering events, - Based on literature research-." Korean Police Studies Association, Vol. 21, No. 4, pp. 53-74. 10.38084/2022.21.4.3
  14. Money Today (2022.11.2). "Steep alleys like dominoes..." Halloween Festival Itaewon 'Cardiac Arrest' Disaster, https://news.mt.co.kr/mtview.php?no=2022103000310578687
  15. News1 (2022.10.30). "Itaewon accident 'Fire Response Stage 3' announced... Response in case of injury of 20 or more people." https://www.news1.kr/articles/4848188
  16. Newsis (2023.1.13). Special Edition "The Cause of the Itaewon Disaster, Crowd Fluidization... Institutional Approach Insufficient." https://www.newsis.com/view/?id=NISX20230113_0002158128
  17. Nocutnews (2022.10.30). "Halloween Itaewon Large-scale stampede accident... Issuance of 3rd stage of firefighting response." https://www.nocutnews.co.kr/news/5840823
  18. Park, Y.-J., Yun, W.-S. (2019). "A study about the effects of crime prevention environment on the participants' satisfaction of crowded events." Korean Association for Public Security Administration, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 1-26.
  19. SBS News (2022.10.30). "An ambulance stuck in a traffic jam..... Paramedics blocked by crowds." https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JbBzKwFexDA
  20. Yonhap News (2022.11.6). "[Itaewon disaster] firefighting response status is also revealed..... 30 minutes from the first report to the first stage of issuance." https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20221106036951530
  21. Yonhap News (2022.10.30). "Before the accident on the streets of Itaewon." https://www.iusm.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=1001743
  22. 岡田光正, 吉田勝行 柏原士郎 辻正矩 (1977). 建築と都市の人間工学: 空間と行動のしくみ. 鹿島出版会, Japan.
  23. 貝辻正利 (2014). イベントを安心して楽しんでいただくために. 講談社エディトリアル, Japan.
Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society of Disaster Information
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국재난정보학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국재난정보학회논문집
  • Volume : 20
  • No :2
  • Pages :379-389
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.15683/kosdi.2024.6.30.379
Journal Informaiton Journal of the Society of Disaster Information Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
  • NRF
  • KISTI Current Status
  • KISTI Cited-by
  • crosscheck
  • orcid
  • open access
  • ccl
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close